Contaminated Drinking Water and Its Effects on Human Health: A Case Study of Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
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Abstract
Human health cannot be complete without access to safe drinking water and in most areas of Pakistan, contaminated water is a significant health issue to people. This paper has been discussing the perceived impact of contaminated drinking water on human health in Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. The quantitative research design was applied. A purposive sampling was used to select 100 respondents who were used as the primary data with the help of a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, cross-tabulation, and chi-square analysis in SPSS were used to analyse the data. According to the results, a high percentage of the respondents deemed groundwater unfit to drink and thought the contaminated water causes severe health issues in the region of study. According to the respondents, there were various health complications that were linked to contaminated water, such as diarrhea, hepatitis, malaria, and other water-borne diseases. The fact that children are worse hit by the contaminated water was also felt by many respondents. Despite the descriptive findings that showed that there is high public concern about the health implications of unsafe drinking water, the chi-square test failed to demonstrate statistically significant relationship between perceived unsuitability of ground water to drink and perceived impact on human well being in the sample. The research ends by concluding that there is a strong perception of contaminated drinking water as a health hazard in Rahim Yar Khan. It suggests better water monitoring, installation and maintenance of the water treatment facilities, frequent testing of the drinking water sources, and awareness of the population to minimize the contact with the unsafe water.
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